This method draws an object which type is shape and fills this object with the current drawing color.
Shape is an interface from java.awt: java.awt.Shape API.
Because It's an interface you can't create a Shape using the new operator but every class that implements this interface is also known as a Shape and you can use it.
In the API you can see all known implementing classes. All of them can be used as the parameter of this method.
Of course that wouldn't make much sence because the polygon is empty but if you use a different constructor for Polygon (like ,%20int,%20int%29]this one) this polygon will be drawed onto your GreenfootImage.